4.-+Modernism

__**What is modernism? **__  Modernism was a response to the radical changes caused by the rapid urban growth and technological advances that followed the Industrial Revolution; it describes a series of reforming cultural movements in art, architecture, music, literature, philosophy and applied arts. According to modernism, scientific knowledge, technology and practical experimentation are the tools for humans’ beings to create, improve, and reshape their environment.

__**What is it called in different countries? **__


 * Jugendstil-Germany
 * Art Nouveau-France
 * Liberty-Italy
 * Modernism-Spain
 * Modern Style-England


 * __When did it start and why? __**

This movement starts in the 1890s, as a response to the radical changes caused by the rapid urban growth and all the new technology with industrial revolution was taking place at the time, so artists reached out to a vast number of design sources for inspiration, exploring the cultural roots and nature, they were just admiring the basic form. At the same time, they experimented with new materials and techniques across a broad range of media to create a unified vision of design and architecture.

__**What are its main characteristics? **__  Escape Historicism and historical styles.  Simplify the form and eliminate the ornament.  The form always follows function  The materials and functional requirements determine the result.